
ArmInfo. Azerbaijan ranked 6th in the "Freedom in the World 2026" report prepared by the international human rights organization Freedom House, falling one spot from last year and maintaining its "not free" status.
The organization emphasizes that since 2005, Azerbaijan has seen a steady strengthening of authoritarian rule, centered on President Ilham Aliyev and his family. Freedom House analysts note that after succeeding his father as president in 2003, Aliyev implemented constitutional changes that expanded presidential powers, abolished term limits, and weakened any remaining legislative or judicial autonomy. In the absence of an independent judiciary or even independent media, corruption continues to flourish, and the Aliyev family views state property as a source of private wealth.
"Authoritarian regimes like Azerbaijan's can exploit the full power of state institutions, abuse state resources, and rely on corrupt patronage networks to maintain their political dominance. The Aliyevs have used the state oil company as a vehicle for political and economic largesse, awarding lucrative contracts and leadership positions to businesses and individuals loyal to the regime. In exchange, during elections, recipients of this support pressure employees to support the ruling party by attending political rallies and participating in other public displays of loyalty. Furthermore, state funds are used to fund pro-government media outlets, which enhance the regime's image while denigrating any opposition," the Freedom House report states.
At the same time, the human rights organization noted that when patronage and propaganda prove insufficient to suppress dissent, autocrats use their control over security forces and the criminal justice system to resort to harsher forms of repression. In this vein, it acknowledges that while Azerbaijan has maintained its "Not Free" status since 2002, its rating has fallen from 33 to just 6 out of 100 over the past two decades, as the authorities have intensified repression of civil liberties. Journalists, human rights defenders, and members of the political opposition face arbitrary arrests and prosecution on trumped-up criminal charges, and are also deprived of basic procedural rights during unfair trials.
"Amendments to the law adopted in 2018 stipulate that only lawyers from the Azerbaijan Bar Association, which operates under the Ministry of Justice, can represent clients in court, and nearly all independent human rights lawyers in the country have been disbarred or suspended from practicing law," Freedom House added.