ArmInfo. The trilateral statement cannot be treated piecemeal, Armenia's Premier Nikol Pashinyan stated in response to a question about the so called Zangezur corridor by Turkish media outlets.
"You know, first of all, the expression "Zangezur Corridor" is incomprehensible and unacceptable to us, because first of all, the Republic of Armenia has nothing to do with that expression, and the fact that such an expression is used, in the Republic of Armenia it is perceived as a territorial claim against the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Armenia. I recently published an article on this topic, the main meaning of which was that we are in favor of opening regional communications, and let me say that first of all we are interested in opening regional communications, because in fact we are the ones who are under blockade. No other country in the region is under blockade. We have 4 borders, two of which are completely closed. And this fact in itself shows how much we need and are interested in opening regional communications.
"Paragraph 9 of the trilateral statement of November 9, 2020 is often referred to, but I want to draw your attention to a very important fact, that in paragraph 9 of the trilateral statement of November 9, there is no expression of corridor at all. I understand that the word corridor is used differently in other regions and in international discourse, but in the context of the trilateral statement of November 9, there is a nuance, there is the expression of the Lachin corridor, which in this context is specific, that is, it is written and signed, and in paragraph 9 of the trilateral statement of November 9, the expression of corridor does not exist at all.
"And moreover, there is a lot of talk about the fact that in the trilateral statement of November 9, there is a provision that the security of the transportation of passengers and cargo through the territory of Armenia must be ensured by representatives and forces of third countries. There is no such thing at all in the trilateral statement of November 9. Moreover, it is written that the Republic of Armenia guarantees the movement of goods, vehicles, and passengers. How can the Republic of Armenia guarantee security if it itself does not provide security?
"But I also want to make the following observation regarding the trilateral statement: the trilateral statement cannot be treated piecemeal. For example, the trilateral statement mentions the exchange and return of prisoners of war, hostages, and other detained persons, but this issue has not been resolved yet. Moreover, it is being exacerbated by the trials taking place in Baku, which, in our assessment, are staged trials where prohibited measures, torture, and according to our information, other prohibited measures, etc. are being used. The trilateral statement mentions Nagorno-Karabakh, but Azerbaijan continuously claims that there is no Nagorno-Karabakh. The trilateral statement talks about the return of refugees to Nagorno- Karabakh and adjacent regions, but following the trilateral statement, on the contrary, the number of refugees has increased, and forced displacement has occurred, etc. I mean, it is not a good approach to treat the provisions of the trilateral statement piecemeal. In some places, they say it is no longer in force, in other places, they say it is in force, while attributing to it provisions that do not actually exist. After all, it is a public document.
"As for communications: is the Republic of Armenia ready to provide a connection between the western regions of Azerbaijan and the Autonomous Republic of Nakhchivan through its own territory? Yes, of course it is ready. And we have made a very specific proposal to Azerbaijan on this topic, which, in our opinion, is not merely a proposal, but a solution to the problem in terms of railway freight transportation. And we are waiting for Azerbaijan's response.
"But I want to draw your attention to the fact that in general, including in the trilateral statement of November 9, 2020, there is no such separate agenda for providing a transport connection between the western regions of Azerbaijan and Nakhchivan. This agenda is included in the general agenda of opening regional communications. Which means that Armenia and Azerbaijan must mutually open communications for each other, both external and internal, that is, from Armenia to Armenia through the territory of Azerbaijan, and from Azerbaijan to Azerbaijan through the territory of Armenia.
"I would like to draw your attention to the fact that, for example, there is no railway connection from the northern regions of Armenia to Meghri, that is, the southern region, and the railway connection passes only through the territory of Azerbaijan, that is, the Autonomous Republic of Nakhchivan. In other words, this assumes, and therefore we say, that we are certainly ready to provide the railway connection and we expect that a similar connection will be provided for Armenia, in particular, for the railway connection from Yeraskh to Meghri, because due to the mountainous, highly mountainous terrain, there are difficulties in having a railway from south to north of Armenia.
"At the same time, in our understanding, this also means the creation of a railway connection from Azerbaijan through the territory of Armenia to Turkey and vice versa, and the creation of a road transport connection, including from Azerbaijan to Turkey and vice versa. This, in turn, means that Armenia can be connected to the Islamic Republic of Iran and Russia via rail and road transport through the territory of Azerbaijan. Of course, in this case, the opening of the Armenia-Turkey railway is also assumed, etc.
"We are ready for these solutions. And we do not understand why Azerbaijan does not respond to these solutions and, on the contrary, an attempt is constantly made to use the topic within escalation logic. In other words, the question has a very clear answer: is the Republic of Armenia ready to provide the opportunity for railway freight transportation from western Azerbaijan through the territory of Armenia to Nakhchivan? Yes, it is ready. And we also expect that the same opportunity will be created for the railway connection from Armenia to Armenia through the territory of Azerbaijan. We are also ready to provide road transport communication.
"By the way, I emphasized in my last article that if in other conditions, in other cases there would still be a need to make infrastructure investments, but right now, in the event of a political and legal decision, it is possible to provide road transport communication from Turkey through the territory of Armenia to Azerbaijan through the Margara checkpoint, where the infrastructure is ready, the roads are in normal condition, up to the Tegh border point, after which, crossing the Armenia-Azerbaijan border, to Lachin and from there deep into Azerbaijan.
"That is, just today, and I have publicly announced this, we are ready to provide such a road connection, which is expressed and is the combination of these perceptions, which we call the "Crossroads of Peace". Moreover, we have specifically chosen such a name for this project so that none of our neighboring countries will be allergic to this name. And I think that this is a very direct justification of our constructive position and positioning.
"There is a very important addition to your question. Azerbaijan actually raises an issue that it calls "western Azerbaijan". And Azerbaijan calls "western Azerbaijan" approximately 60-70% of the sovereign territory of the Republic of Armenia and invites us to discuss the issue of "western Azerbaijan", while calling 60-70% of the territory of the Republic of Armenia "western Azerbaijan". We say that there is no "western Azerbaijan" in Armenia. If we want to look for western Azerbaijan, or see western Azerbaijan, then western Azerbaijan is the Kazakh, Aghstafa, Getabey, Kelbajar, Lachin, Zangelan, Kubatlu regions of Azerbaijan, if I forgot to name some of the regions, it does not mean a deliberate omission, but I mean, we can look at the map and say where western Azerbaijan is. Here is western Azerbaijan. There is no western Azerbaijan on this side of this line. In case of great desire, Nakhchivan can also be considered western Azerbaijan in geographical terms.
"I mean, they are trying to place this under the logic of humanitarian issues, calling on us to discuss some issue, but I say again, they call 60% of the sovereign territory of our country "western Azerbaijan". And therefore, such an issue is not something to be discussed by us, it cannot be discussed by any country.
"And in general, if we are talking about the topic of refugees, I have already mentioned, we even have a document about the return of refugees to Nagorno-Karabakh and adjacent regions. In Armenia and the Diaspora, there are refugees from Nakhichevan, Baku, Sumgait, the adjacent regions of Nagorno-Karabakh, Ganja, etc. Our perception is that these are simply territorial claims against Armenia, and therefore we cannot discuss this issue.
"The so-called "Zangezur corridor" is also unacceptable for us for this very reason, because it contains a territorial claim against the Republic of Armenia. If we are talking about transport communication and economic communication, we are open and say yes, we are ready, as I have already said, to unblock regional, transport and economic ties under the conditions of the sovereignty, territorial integrity, jurisdiction and reciprocity of the countries. And understanding that there are complications, we even say that we are ready for certain simplifications so that this becomes a reality, and we have made a specific proposal for the restoration of the railway connection and are waiting for Azerbaijan's response. Moreover, we are not publishing the essence of this proposal for the simple reason to rule out a violation of diplomatic ethics, since it would mean revealing the essence of a working document, but in our assessment we have resolved this issue and expect a similar solution for ourselves.
"Today I say that we have proposed a solution that will solve the issue of railway freight transportation from western Azerbaijan to Nakhichevan through the territory of Armenia. All that remains is for Azerbaijan to agree to this solution. Moreover, since 2022, if I am not mistaken, the Government has been circulating a draft Government decision on the opening of three checkpoints on the border with Azerbaijan. In other words, the draft is about opening checkpoints at specific border points so that Azerbaijani vehicles, cargo, and citizens can travel through the territory of the Republic of Armenia, including to Nakhichevan. And this is how we see the issue.
"Azerbaijan contradicts itself. In what way? Azerbaijan contradicts itself by the fact that they officially call 2021 and the following period a post-conflict period. But they speak the language of conflict every day. In other words, these two narratives of Azerbaijan do not match each other. Every day the language of conflict, every day aggressive rhetoric, every day force, if not every day, very often, very often the threat of force and the use of force, and the narrative of "western Azerbaijan" that calls into question the very existence of Armenia, let's be honest, the very existence of the state of Armenia. And in parallel, an invitation to discuss, sorry, in my opinion, that is at least strange.
"By the way, and it is perhaps within the framework of that peace formula that on the one hand I say that starting from this line, western Azerbaijan is here, but there is no "western Azerbaijan" on this side of this line, but I understand that this conversation would be incomplete if I did not say that western Armenia is also here. This is essentially two sentences, but this is our perception of peace and our idea, because if these formulas do not exist, moreover, I say again, there may be all sorts of different perceptions of history, historical events, etc., but if we want to build peace, it is impossible to build anything on a flowing region.
"By the way, there is something very important. Let us not forget that the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan already have the first mutually ratified international document, which is the regulations of the delimitation commissions of our countries, which was signed by the commissions of our countries and ratified according to the domestic procedures of our countries, where it is recorded that the basis, the basic principle of delimitation is the Alma-Ata Declaration. The Alma-Ata Declaration, which was signed in 1991, makes two references in the context of our issue, the first is that the Soviet Union ceases to exist, and the administrative borders of the countries of the Soviet Union become state borders. And therefore, this narrative already contradicts the de jure document existing between Armenia and Azerbaijan, it directly contradicts it. We are committed to that agreement and are consistently and patiently moving towards peace," Mr Pashinyan said.