, 23 2026 15:37
Алине Григорян

За 9 месяцев 2026 года в Армении подано 44 иска против журналистов и СМИ - КЗСС

За 9 месяцев 2026 года в Армении подано 44 иска против журналистов и СМИ - КЗСС

АрмИнфо.В Армении общее число исков, поданных против журналистов и средств массовой информации (СМИ) за девять месяцев 2026 года составило 44. Об этом 23 октября на пресс-конференции в Ереване, посвященной состоянию свободы слова в Армении и нарушениям прав журналистов и СМИ в третьем квартале 2026 года, заявил председатель Комитета по защите свободы слова (КЗСС) Ашот Меликян.

Он отметил, что в течение прошлого квартала не было зафиксировано случаев физического насилия в отношении журналистов или СМИ. По его оценке, это говорит о положительной тенденции в этом направлении.  "В течение этого года наблюдается снижение числа подобных нарушений. Хотелось бы, чтобы эта положительная тенденция сохранилась. Что касается других видов нарушений, то в течение третьего квартала было зафиксировано 12 случаев нарушения права на получение и распространение информации, а также 2 случая воздействия на журналистов в форме давления или неуважительного отношения", - отметил Меликян.

Сравнивая ситуацию в целом за три квартала, глава КЗСС отметил, что в первом и втором кварталах было зафиксировано по одному случаю физического насилия. Он пояснил, что отсутствие подобных случаев в третьем квартале, в частности, обусловлено отсутствием случаев обострения общественно-политической ситуации, в том числе в парламенте.  "Несмотря на определенную напряженность с начала работы парламента 9-ого созыва, она в основном не была связана с журналистами.  В целом конфликтные ситуации уменьшились. Количество случаев нарушения права на получение и распространение информации уменьшилось в 2,5 раза, то есть, есть положительная динамика: так к примеру, в 2025 году в целом было зафиксировано 23 таких нарушения, а за 9 месяцев 2026 года период - 12. Причем в 5 из 12 зафиксированных случаев официальные запросы СМИ были проигнорированы, еще в 5 случаях был дан ответ, однако без оснований было отказано в предоставлении информации по существу, в 2 случаях ответы оказались неполными", - рассказал Меликян.

Как пояснил председатель КЗСС, речь идет о ситуациях, когда на 4-5 вопросов СМИ приходит ответ, состоящий из одного предложения, который дается лишь для видимости.  То есть обеспокоенность, по его словам, вызывает тот факт, что государственные органы по-прежнему могут игнорировать запросы СМИ, безосновательно отказывать в предоставлении информации или давать формальные ответы. Он также коснулся решения, принятого в преддверии начала работы парламента 9-ого созыва "Об утверждении Порядка аккредитации журналистов и правил нахождения в здании Национального Собрания Республики Армения". "Существует традиция обновления нормативных актов, однако складывается впечатление, что в данном случае взяли ранее принятые нормативные акты, которые действовали уже давно, немного обновили их и вновь подписали. Как итог правила, принятые пять лет назад в преддверии начала работы парламента 8-ого созыва и вызвавшие обеспокоенность из-за введенных ограничений, которые ранее отсутствовали, были вновь подписаны, на этот раз другим спикером парламента. При этом, по заверениям аккредитованных в парламенте журналистов, эти ограничения де-факто не действуют, и журналисты работают так же, как и раньше", - рассказал глава КЗСС.

Меликян назвал это положительным моментом, однако подчеркнул, что риски их применения сохраняются и призвал закрепить де-юре те подходы, которые применяются де-факто. Беспокоящим явлением Меликян назвал также не снижающееся количество судебных исков, обратив внимание на то, что в этом году их показатель может достичь рекордного уровня прошлого года. "В течение третьего квартала было подано значительно больше судебных исков в отношении журналистов и СМИ, чем во втором или первом квартале. Общее число исков за девять месяцев 2026 года составило 44. За аналогичный период прошлого года их количество составляло 45, то есть оставалось примерно на том же уровне. Распределение по кварталам выглядит следующим образом: в первом квартале было подано 14 исков, во втором - 12, в третьем - 18. При этом, год еще не закончился и, если сохранится нынешняя динамика, ситуация может повторить прошлогоднюю картину:  61 дело об оскорблении и клевете и 2 дела по другим основаниям", - напомнил Меликян.

Из 18 исков, поданных в третьем квартале, 13, по его словам, были инициированы государственными органами и организациями, а также их представителями, 1 иск - бывшим должностным лицом, 2 - предпринимателями и еще 2 - гражданами. Таким образом, как заметил Меликян, большинство исков приходится на должностных лиц.  Интересным глава КЗСС назвал то, что за эти три месяца по 15-и ранее принятым к производству судебным делам иски были удовлетворены, а по 8 - отклонены. То есть, как заметил Меликян, здесь наблюдается отрицательная тенденция. "Основной причиной большого количества исков является сильная поляризация информационного поля, тесное сближение некоторых СМИ с политическими силами и обслуживание ими политических интересов. С другой стороны, это нетерпимость политических сил и высокопоставленных представителей, которые нередко воспринимают журналистов как часть политической системы, представляющей интересы противоположного лагеря", - пояснил председатель КЗСС.

Новым явлением Меликян назвал активность журналистов в подаче исков против тех, кто их оскорбил. В настоящее время, по его словам, рассматриваются 10 исков, поданных журналистами в разные годы против должностных лиц, и 8 исков против граждан.  Меликян при этом напомнил, что в рамках противодействия поляризации СМИ правительство одобрило законопроект, предусматривающий возможность для граждан направлять отчисления из своего подоходного налога в пользу средств массовой информации. Вместе с тем он обратил внимание на отсутствие гарантий того, что этот механизм не будет использован в политических целях. По его словам, политические силы могут подталкивать свой электорат направлять эти суммы тем СМИ, которые обслуживают их интересы. "Однако, прежде необходимо дождаться, какие условия и критерии будут предусмотрены законопроектом для обеспечения прозрачности всех процессов", - резюмировал глава КЗСС

     

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