, 3 2026 13:24
Марианна Мкртчян

Репортеры без границ обнародовали "Хищников свободы прессы" 2026 года

Репортеры без границ обнародовали "Хищников свободы прессы" 2026 года

АрмИнфо.  По случаю Международного дня борьбы с безнаказанностью преступлений против журналистов организация "Репортеры без границ" (RSF) опубликовала портреты 33 хищников свободы прессы, которые в 2026 году совершали нападки на журналистов и СМИ.

В организации также рассказали, что этих людей объединяет ненависть к свободе прессы.  В RSF отметили, что их средства различаются, но цели одинаковы: заставить замолчать независимые голоса и растоптать свободу информации.

"Убийства, тюремные сроки, дискредитация, пропаганда, использование армии троллей...  Все способы хороши, чтобы заставить оппонента замолчать. Это ироничный рейтинг, который между тем показывает разнообразие и жесткость стратегий, применяемых против журналистики. Каковы бы ни были его прежние достижения по сравнению с другими хищниками свободы прессы, президент США Дональд Трамп, который стал в течение уходящего года одним из фаворитов гонки, хорошо заслужил свое место в галерее хищников, достигнув менее чем за два года в президентском кресле внушительных результатов",- говорится в докладе. Отмечается, что с начала его второго срока, нападки на прессу все чаще стали выходить за рамки риторики и общей государственной политики, перерастая в физические ограничения против журналистов.

"Среди тех, кто прочно держится на своих местах - непотопляемые Владимир Путин (РФ) и Даниэль Ортега (Никарагуа). В этом году, как и ранее, свои места сохранили такие структуры, как Армия обороны Израиля, мексиканские картели или Коммунистическая партия Китая, продолжающие печальную практику силового давления на журналистов. Правительство Биньямина Нетаньяху, при помощи Армии обороны Израиля ведет репрессивную политику в отношении журналистов в секторе Газа, на Западном берегу Иордана и даже в Ливане. Китай под руководством Си Цзиньпина остается для журналистов самой большой тюрьмой в мире. Что касается мексиканских картелей, они управляют атмосферой страха в условно "мирной" стране, в которой в этом году ежемесячно происходили убийства журналистов. Новый фигурант этой категории: президент Египта Абдель Фаттах ас-Сиси, при чьем режиме только за последние несколько недель были заключены под стражу журналисты-фактчекеры сайта "Матсаддаш" и закрыт популярный новостной сайт "Мада Маср",- далее говорится в сообщении.

"В области категории "Право", президент Казахстана Касым-Жомарт Токаев присоединился к таким хищникам, как премьер Турции Реджеп Тайип Эрдоган или конгломерат компаний индийского бизнесмена Гаутама Адани, которые делают все возможное для преследования прессы, инициируя против журналистов и СМИ необоснованные судебные процессы.

В категории "Общество", такие органы как Батальон быстрого информационного реагирования (BIR-C) в Буркина-Фасо или OpIndia в Индии, указывают на другую вызывающую беспокойство тенденцию: участились хакерские атаки, производимые с ведома или по заказу властей, нацеленные на то, чтобы спровоцировать ненависть к СМИ, являющемуся целью атаки. В Аргентине, Хавьер Милей, говоривший что "мы недостаточно ненавидим журналистов" олицетворяет эту тенденцию: согласно расследованию RSF, всего за 47 дней в апреле и мае 2026 г., в аккаунте в соцсети X было опубликовано более 1 600 публикаций негативно нацеленных на журналистов",- далее сообщается в докладе RSF.

"Репортеры без границ" далее отмечают, что в экономическом плане, крупные технологические корпорации, такие как Alphabet и Meta, влиятельные миллиардеры, такие как Бидзина Иванишвили или Венсан Боллоре, или политические деятели, такие как Владимир Табак, показывают разнообразие экономических стратегий "хищников", направленных на ослабление независимых СМИ, усложнения им доступа к финансированию и подрыв их редакционной независимости.

"Список хищников - антирейтинг RSF наподобие "Золотой Малины" в кино, премия за худшие достижения в области сделанного или попыток сделать что-то против прессы.  Он не претендует на полную объективность, но в нем представлены только те люди и организации, кто за прошедший сложный год, продемонстрировали очевидное стремление навредить. И стоит кому-то, о чьем отсутствии мы не будем сожалеть, покинуть список, - например Али Хаменеи (Иран), Николас Мадуро (Венесуэла), Виктор Орбан (Венгрия) или Александр Вучич (Сербия) - как на их место сразу появляется новый претендент. Если же говорить более серьезно, то в дополнение ко Всемирному рейтингу свободы прессы RSF, в котором мы ежегодно оцениваем изменения ситуации со свободой прессы в разных странах, существует эта галерея хищников, в которой ситуация показана под другим углом и указываются лица, ответственные за ухудшение. За статистикой, ухудшением и препятствиями работе прессы стоят конкретные люди. Они могут действовать при помощи физического или риторического насилия, законодательства, угроз, онлайн-манипуляций или экономического давления, но этих хищников объединяет одно: желание помешать журналистам делать свою работу, лишить граждан права на свободные и независимые источники информации. RSF ничего не придумывает: каждому из хищников создается портрет для доски почета, с описанием его деятельности, риторики и основных средств, которые он применяет. Назвать хищников, сделать общим достоянием их методы и описать их преступления означает отказ смириться с подобными нападками.  В ответ тем, кто хочет заставить прессу молчать, RSF продолжит называть по имени тех, кто убивает журналистику",- заявил Генеральный директор RSF Тибо Брутен. 

     

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